RESP FAILURE

I am a RN, CDIS with no coding background. Our CDI program is new. I am having issues with Resp Failure. I have been asked by our coding team why I am querying the physicians for specificity. I have been told that when a physician writes "resp failure" it automatically codes to 518.81 which is "acute resp failure." What are your thoughts? We have developed a Resp Failure query to ask a physician when he writes "chronic O2 dependent" or r"esp failure" to specify. Should we be? I am so confused. Thanks in advance for your input!

Dawn Vitalone, RN
CDI Specialist
Community Hospital

Comments

  • Dawn,

    Our program is fairly new too, but from what I understand if a Doc
    writes "resp failure" it does automatically default to acute respiratory
    failure. When we first started our program we left a lot of queries to
    get the docs to add the acute until we realized that it defaulted to
    acute regardless. However, sometimes the docs will write "acute resp
    insufficiency" and we will definitely query that for "acute respiratory
    failure" if the 02 sats are low (usually 88% on room air or lower). As
    far as "chronic o2 dependency" goes we will query that for "chronic
    respiratory failure." And if it looks like there might be an
    exacerbation we query for "acute on chronic respiratory failure."

    Hope this helps.

    Greta Goodman

    Clinical Documentation Improvement Specialist
    Clinical Documentation Improvement Program
    Virginia Hospital Center
    ggoodman@virginiahospitalcenter.com



  • edited May 2016
    It does! Thanks!


    Dawn M. Vitalone, RN
    Clinical Documentation Improvement Specialist
    Community Hospital




  • edited May 2016
    Welcome to CDI and I agree it's important to clarify at every opportunity. Here is my respiratory failure query form. I developed it with some research and with consultation with my Pulmonologist here.

    I hope it helps.

    Robert

    Robert S. Hodges, BSN, MSN, RN
    Clinical Documentation Improvement Specialist
    Aleda E. Lutz VAMC
    Mail Code 136
    1500 Weiss Street
    Saginaw MI 48602
     
    P: 989-497-2500 x13101
    F: 989-321-4912
    E: Robert.Hodges2@va.gov
     
    "The difference between the right word and the almost right word is the difference between lightning and the lightning bug." Samuel "Mark Twain" Clemens


  • Dawn, I made the same mistake when I first started CDS. If they don't specify, then it defaults to acute, but if they say chronic, that's what you go to.

    The other thing that jumped out at me from your post was that you need access to an encoder. You should be given the same software that your coders are using in order to see how they arrive at their codes. If you don't already have it, I strongly suggest you ask for it.

    Renee


    Linda Renee Brown, RN, CCRN, CCDS
    Certified Clinical Documentation Specialist
    Banner Good Samaritan Medical Center
  • edited May 2016
    We have been told we will get access to Quantum (encoder) but our 3 hospital system is going computerized so right know that is the priority. When we will actually have access to the encoder is distant at this point so all we have to go with the the DRG Expert. Thanks!


    Dawn M. Vitalone, RN
    Clinical Documentation Improvement Specialist
    Community Hospital


  • Dawn,

    We have 3M HDM as our encoder and recently transitioned to an electronic
    health record so I know what that process is like. I hope it goes
    smoothly for you. We also use the DRG expert book. In addition we use
    an ICD-9-CM for Hospitals book that you might find helpful if you don't
    already have it. It's a great book to familiarize you with codes and
    shows which codes have CCs, and MCCs. The book we have is printed by
    INGENIX and is the standard version for hospitals.

    Greta Goodman

    Clinical Documentation Improvement Specialist
    Clinical Documentation Improvement Program
    Virginia Hospital Center



  • edited May 2016
    Some criteria for acute respiratory failure is met - the lack of retractions, tripoding, or some kind of positional compensation is what concerns me. The physician needs to clearly state that the person has some sort of distress that requires his/her intervention in an emergent or acute manner..

    One of the hallmarks of acute respiratory failure I think about is - "what is happening without our intervention?", "is this patient in a normal state, or, do they require an immediate intervention to prevent worse - i.e. cyanosis, anoxia, cardio-pulmonary arrest". "Will their distress improve on its own, or, is their decompensation so severe that they require our intervention"? Otherwise, why are we treating it?

    Mark





  • There is no easy answer, and multiple definitions can be found:


    We use this definition:


    * Acute respiratory failure - May be hypoxic or hypercapnic.

    A clinically significant decrease in Pao2. (Most commonly, the critical threshold of Pao2 is considered to be 60 mm Hg, which is an anchor point in the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve) AND/OR hypercapnia (Paco2 > 50 mmHg and pH < 7.34) reflecting either excessive CO2 production or inadequate CO2 elimination; Acute hypercapnic failure occurs only when the patient has concurrent acidemia, implying that the change in CO2 was too rapid or too extreme for renal (metabolic) compensation. The pH indicates whether the hypercarbia is acute or chronic. (Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine, 5th ed., John F. Murray, MD and Jay A. Nadel, MD, 2010; The Osler Medical Handbook, 2nd ed., Kent R. Nilsson Jr. MD, and Jonathan P. Piccini, MD, 2006)

    However, I also like to compute the P/F ratio because of is its ability to predict, based on arterial pO2 measured while the patient is receiving supplemental oxygen, what the pO2 would be on room air.

    The P/F ratio equals the arterial pO2 divided by the FIO2 (the fraction of inspired oxygen expressed as a decimal) the patient is receiving. It is most familiar, and commonly used, in the context of acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) where a P/F ratio
  • If all that was done was place the patient on 2L and the patient wasn't in significant distress, I would not query. The key factor to me is whether the patient had 'distress'. I wouldn't base that off a little tachypnea because I find that this is rarely accurate, there is a lot if error in measuring resp rate in my opinion. The 88% on RA is borderline at best and without significant distress noted and urgent interventions documented, I don't think this dx would withstand audit.

    Katy Good, RN, BSN, CCDS, CCS
    Clinical Documentation Program Coordinator
    Flagstaff Medical Center
    Kathryn.Good@nahealth.com
    Cell: 928.814.9404


  • In practice, I look for multiple factors:


    1. Increased work of breathing: cyanosis, use of intercostal muscles, Tripoding, tachypnea (or possibly very slow RR in event of CNS damage)

    2. P/F ratio of < 300

    3. Intervention: BiPAP or CPAP or NC at least 4L/min


    Always complicated, lots of variation in definitions and applications and opinions.


    Paul Evans, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CCDS

    Manager, Regional Clinical Documentation
    Sutter West Bay
    633 Folsom St., 7th Floor, Office 7-044
    San Francisco, CA 94107
    Cell: 415.412.9421



    evanspx@sutterhealth.org

    [cid:image003.jpg@01D1ACF7.30EC09D0]


  • edited May 2016
    Thanks everyone this does help me.

    Tiffany


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