Endocarditis as PDX or Sepsis?

Hello all,
Back in 2009 there was a question on this forum about endocarditis as PDX vs Sepsis. We have had 3 recent cases @ our facility, and would like to know how best to code them. Pts have vegetation on valves, sepsis clearly documented as d/t Endocarditis. All d/c home on long-term IV abx. Coding clinic rules seem to indicate that sepsis would be documented as PDX, but some info from "Briefings on Coding Strategies" seems to imply that the endocarditis should be the PDX.
Any thoughts/advice on this one? Also, please cite specific coding references, if possible.
thanks!
Becky Mann, RN, CDS
Sutter Solano Medical Center

Comments

  • Could you possibly cite the pertinent portions of the publication you
    mentioned indicating the endocarditis should be the PDX?

    My opinion is that the Sepsis is the PDX, as per the Official Guidelines
    for SIRS/Sepsis - I am working remotely (traveling) at the moment, and
    don't have access to the Official Guidelines for SIRS. But, these
    state something to the effect that 'when a pt is admitted with an
    infectious process (such as PNA) and has Sepsis on admit, the SIRS is
    the PDX."

    If any doubt, I would send a copy of the case to AHA and ask for
    official clarification.


    Paul Evans, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P
    Supervisor, Clinical Documentation Integrity, Quality Department
    California Pacific Medical Center
    2351 Clay #243
    San Francisco, CA 94115
    Cell: 415.637.9002
    Fax: 415.600.1325
    Ofc: 415.600.3739
  • As Sepsis is POA, and due to the localized infection (endocarditis),
    the Sepsis should be the Principal Diagnosis, per the Official
    Guidelines. I would be interested to see the logic cited elsewhere.


    3) Sepsis/SIRS With Localized Infection

    If the reason for admission is both sepsis, severe sepsis, or SIRS and a
    localized infection, such as pneumonia or cellulitis, a code for the
    systemic infection (038.xx, 112.5, etc) should be assigned first, then
    code 995.91 or 995.92, followed by the code for the localized infection.
    If the patient is admitted with a localized infection, such as
    pneumonia, and sepsis/SIRS doesn't develop until after admission, see
    guideline I.C.1.b.2.b).



    Paul Evans, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P
    Supervisor, Clinical Documentation Integrity, Quality Department
    California Pacific Medical Center
    2351 Clay #243
    San Francisco, CA 94115
    Cell: 415.637.9002
    Fax: 415.600.1325
    Ofc: 415.600.3739
  • I agree Paul. However, if there is another guideline I'm not aware of--please share it because we see this often.
  • I am not aware of any other guideline indicating that SEPSIS/SIRS is
    not the PDX if/when the pt is admitted with an infectious process.


    (However, there are times a pt may have SIRS, and the SIRS is not the
    PDX, but this is not typical - such as, admitted some other process
    that is not infectious, and meets guidelines for PDX.


    Example: AMI with Cardiogenic shock, Catastrophic CVA, and also has
    SIRS).


    But, with bacterial Endocarditis, I do believe we are compelled to use
    SIRS as PDX if stated as due to this infection. If some other
    publication has stated other logic, it would be interesting to review
    and consider?


    (The nonessential term found under 421.0 (septic), does not mean sepsis
    is not coded or is not coded as the PDX.


    Just as with 'septic arthritis', it directs us to use these codes when
    the record indentifies 'septic' Endocarditis. So, just as the term
    'septic' arthritis and/or 'septic' Endocarditis does mean the patient
    has Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome. However, if the pt has
    SIRS due to the 'septic' Endocarditis, the SIRS must be the PDX.


    IMO -


    Paul Evans, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P
    Supervisor, Clinical Documentation Integrity, Quality Department
    California Pacific Medical Center
    2351 Clay #243
    San Francisco, CA 94115
    Cell: 415.637.9002
    Fax: 415.600.1325
    Ofc: 415.600.3739
  • edited May 2016
    Please see the attached file for the 2 references on how endocarditis and sepsis - both POA - were suggested to be coded.
    Unfortunately there is a conflict between the two.
    Perhaps someone has access to/membership to Briefings on Coding Compliance Strategies newsletter, and can search that website?

    Thanks,

    Becky Mann, RN, CDS
    Sutter Solano Medical Center
  • The CHIA link states that SEPSIS must be the PDX.

    But, I don't have access to the other document you are referencing -
    given that we are sharing information on this HCPRO website and that the
    2nd document is generated by HCPRO, perhaps someone from HCPRO can join
    the conversation.



    Paul Evans, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P
    Supervisor, Clinical Documentation Integrity, Quality Department
    California Pacific Medical Center
    2351 Clay #243
    San Francisco, CA 94115
    Cell: 415.637.9002
    Fax: 415.600.1325
    Ofc: 415.600.3739
  • I made a typo (working quickly) and meant to state:

    "So, the term septic arthritis and/or septic Endocarditis does NOT mean the patient has Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome. However, if the pt has SIRS due to the septic Endocarditis, the SIRS must be the PDX."

    The description in the coding book for "septic" endocarditis or 'septic' arthritis does not mean a patient has SEPSIS or SIRS due to infection. If a pt does have SIRS or SEPSIS due to an infection, the sepsis is the PDX. Some have stated that the term 'septic' endocarditis indicates that Sepsis is not coded - and the logic stated is the use of 'nonessential modifiers'. I don't agree with this intrepretation, and believe these terms indicate that the code for the condition is assigned, but if the pt has SEPSIS, sepsis is coded.
  • "SIRS" is never the PDX. "SIRS" is always a secondary diagnosis. The underlying cause of "SIRS" (eg. infection, trauma,necrotizing pancreatitis, burns, etc) is always sequenced first. Thank you,

    Angie Mckee, RHIT, CCDS, CCS, CCS-P
    Clinical Documentation Specialist
    Performance Improvement
    University Health Care System
    Augusta, Ga. 30901
    706-774-7836
  • I understand that - but, when a pt has documented SIRS with infection,
    this IS Sepsis, and sepsis will be the PDX, by default. I did not think
    I needed to say that (again).


    Paul Evans, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P
    Supervisor, Clinical Documentation Integrity, Quality Department
    California Pacific Medical Center
    2351 Clay #243
    San Francisco, CA 94115
    Cell: 415.637.9002
    Fax: 415.600.1325
    Ofc: 415.600.3739
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